понедельник, 12 декабря 2016 г.

Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East (1st part:INTRODUCTION and HISTORY)

For many centuries the peoples of Siberia, lived in small settlements. In each village lived his race. The inhabitants of Siberia were friends with each other, conducted a joint household, were often relatives to each other and led an active lifestyle. But due to the vast territory of the Siberian region, these villages are far apart. For example, residents of one village were already a way of life and spoke in a strange language to its neighbors. Over time, some villages disappeared, and some became more and actively developed.
The first indigenous inhabitants of Siberia is considered to be the tribes of Samoyeds. They inhabited the northern part. These are mainly engaged include herding and fishing. To the south was inhabited by tribes Mansi, who lived by hunting. Their main fishery production was furs, which they paid for their future wives and bought goods necessary for life.


Upper Ob inhabited by Turkic tribes. Their main occupation was nomadic herding and blacksmith. To the west of Lake Baikal Buryats they lived, who became famous for his iron-craft.

The largest area of ​​the Yenisei River and the Sea of ​​Okhotsk to the Tungus tribes inhabited. Among them were many hunters, fishermen, herders engaged in some trade.



Along the coast of the Chukchi Sea, the Eskimos settled (about 4 thousand. People). In comparison with other nations of that time the Eskimos were the slowest social development. Cannon labor was made of stone or wood ,. The main economic occupation include gathering and hunting.

The main way to survive the first settlers Siberian region was hunting, herding and production of furs, which is the currency of the time.


By the end of the XVII century the most developed peoples of Siberia were the Buryats and Yakuts. The Tatars were the only people that before the arrival of Russian, had to organize the government.


The most major nations following nations can be attributed to the Russian colonization: Itelmens (indigenous people of Kamchatka), Yukaghir (inhabited by the main territory of the tundra), Nivkh (residents of Sakhalin), Tuva (indigenous people of the Republic of Tuva), Siberian Tatars (located on the territory of Southern Siberia from Urals to the Yenisei) and Selkup (the inhabitants of Western Siberia).

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